New Delhi: The Markazi Taleemi Board of Jamaat-e-Islami Hind (JIH) held an online workshop titled ‘Historical Review of the Indian Knowledge System: Session 2’ as part of its ongoing Master Trainers Programme. Dr. Sadat Hussain (MA in Development Studies, MPhil in Economics Education from JNU) led the workshop. The session drew participation from teachers, students, and professionals across various fields.

Evolution of the Indian Education System

Dr. Sadat outlined how the Indian education system has evolved. He discussed key aspects of India’s social hierarchy and the development of modern higher education. He also emphasized the role of the Indian academic system and its global influences, particularly from the German, French, and British models. Notable institutions like the University of Berlin and Indian centers in Kolkata, Bombay, and Madras played a crucial role.

Historical Milestones in Education

Several key milestones were mentioned, including the contributions of Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee, the creation of the Radhakrishnan Commission, and the introduction of the National Policies on Education (NPE) in 1968 and 1986. These policies advanced higher education, regional language use, and the promotion of science and technology.

Post-1990 Reforms and Economic Growth

Dr. Sadat highlighted the significant reforms in higher education after 1990. He linked these changes to economic growth, driven by private investment, liberalization, and globalization. Private institutions expanded, and student enrollment surged. He also pointed out the importance of the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC), which was founded in 1994 to legitimize private institutions.

Human Capital and Economic Outcomes

The concept of ‘human capital’ was also discussed. Dr. Sadat explained how education serves as an investment that increases individual productivity and national economic development. He cited economists Theodore W. Schultz and Gary Becker to show how skills and knowledge enhance economic outcomes.

Addressing Contemporary Challenges

The session explored current challenges in education. These include the expansion of the system, accessibility issues, social inequality, and the growing role of privatization in higher education. Dr. Sadat stressed the significance of the Indian Knowledge System (IKS) in addressing these challenges. His views align with the objectives of India’s National Education Policy (NEP) 2020.

The session provided valuable insights into the past, present, and future of Indian higher education. It sparked discussions on interdisciplinary approaches, privatization trends, and the increasing importance of standardized testing and the coaching culture in India.